Vì phụ thuộc tuổi thọ tư nhiên nên dù được thiết kế để hoạt động ổn định cho các thiết bị quan trọng nhưng nhiều bộ phận quan trọng của UPS sẽ bị hư hỏng theo thời gian. Các bộ phận bị hỏng theo thời gian như : quạt giải nhiệt UPS, Acquy UPS, Tụ điện, MOV hoặc relay…..www.suachuaups.net xin giới thiệu chức năng và cấu tạo của từng linh kiện để các bạn có phương án bảo trì, sửa chữa phù hợp kéo dài tuổi thọ UPS nhất.
1. Quạt giải nhiệt UPS : Quạt được thiết kế để đảm bảo nhiệt độ bên trong UPS ở mức cho phép. Tuổi thọ thông thường của quạt là 10 năm nhưng sẽ bị ảnh hưởng nhiều bởi các thong số sau :
– Nhiệt độ môi trường cao
– UPS thường xuyên chạy ở chế độ acquy
– Hoặc UPS thường xuyên chạy quá tải khiến quạt phải hoạt động ở cường độ cao
2. Acquy UPS ( Battery UPS ) :
Không có loại acquy nào có thể hoạt động liên tục và mãi mãi được, acquy cho UPS cũng vậy, nhưng người sử dụng nếu bảo trì bảo dưỡng, đặt UPS hoạt động theo đúng chỉ dẫn của nhà sản xuất thì có thể kéo dài tuổi thọ acquy tối đa. Khi thiết kế để đảm bảo acquy của USP hoạt động ổn định, UPS cũng đã được tích hợp các thông số giám sát acquy sau để thông báo tình trạng acquy cho người vận hành :
- Thời điểm cần thay acquy ( UPS sẽ cảnh báo thay thế acquy sau 1 khoảng thời gian ( đã định sẵn từ nhà máy ) sử dụng.
- Chế độ nạp bù tùy theo nhiệt độ môi trường
- Chế độ tự động kiểm tra acquy.
3. Tụ điện : Tuổi thọ tụ điện khoảng 10 năm nhưng cũng như acquy. Tuổi thọ tụ sẽ giảm nếu nhiệt độ môi trường cao
4. MOV : UPS được thiết kế để bảo vệ các xung điện áp khỏi các thiết bị. MOV là 1 thành phần quan trọng trong việc hấp thu các xung điện áp này. Nếu tần suất xung xảy ra thường xuyên thì tuổi thọ MOV sẽ giảm theo. Tuổi thọ MOV phụ thuộc số lần MOV hoạt động do đó người vận hành rất khó để xác định chất lượng của MOV
5. Rờ le : Tương tự như MOV, tuổi thọ của rờ le phụ thuộc vào số lần sử dụng. Chức năng của rờ le là chuyển đổi qua lại giữa các chức năng của UPS do đó tùy thuộc điều kiện thực tế tần suất hoạt động của rờ le sẽ khác nhau nên tuổi thọ cũng sẽ khác nhau.
www.suachuaups.net xin gửi các bạn bảng tóm tắt tuổi thọ, chức năng và thông số ảnh hưởng tới tuổi thọ các bộ phận trong UPS.
| Bộ phận | Chức năng | Tuổi thọ thiết kế | Yếu tố ảnh hưởng tới tuổi thọ |
| Quạt giải nhiệt | Làm mát thiết bị | 10 năm | Phần trăm tải sử dụng Nhiệt độ môi trường Tần suất sử dụng Thời gian sử dụng |
| Acquy ( battery ) | Lưu trữ điện để cung cấp điện cho tải khi mất điện | 3-5 năm | Nhiệt độ môi trường Tần suất sử dụng Việc bảo trì bảo dưỡng Môi trường lưu trữ UPS |
| Tụ điện | Lọc điện áp | 10 năm | Môi trường hoạt động Độ ẩm môi trường |
| MOV | Hấp thu các xung điện áp | Tùy điều kiện sử dụng | Tần suất hoạt động |
| Relay | Chuyển đổi giữa các chế độ của UPS | Tùy điều kiện sử dụng | Tần suất hoạt động |
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